Products

Refined Petroleum Products

     Crude oil can be refined into various petroleum products, which can be broadly categorized into light oils, middle distillates and heavy oils.  Examples of light oils include propane, butane, naphtha and gasoline.  Examples of middle distillates include jet fuel, kerosene and gasoil.  Examples of heavy oils include fuel oils, asphalt and pyrolysis fuel oil.  The proportion of the various types of petroleum products that can be refined from a single stream of crude oil depends on the mix and quality of the feedstock, and the specifications of the refinery facilities.  A key competitive advantage of Formosa Petrochemical's petroleum refinery operation is its flexibility in feedstock selection.  In building its petroleum refinery, Formosa Petrochemical deliberately acquired facilities and equipment able to refine and optimize the yield rate of cheaper heavy/sour crude oil, and the flexibility to switch freely between different blends of light and heavy crude.

     LPG.  LPG are light saturated paraffinic hydrocarbons derived from the refinery processes, crude oil stabilization and natural gas processing plants.  They consist mainly of propane (C3H8) and butane (c4H10) or a combination of the two.  They are normally liquefied under pressure for transportation and storage.

    Naphtha.  Naphtha is a refined or partly refined distillate derived from crude oil or natural gas, with a boiling range between 81 degrees Fahrenheit (27 degrees Celsius) and 430 degrees Fahrenheit (221 degrees Celsius).  It is used as feedstock for the production of downstream petrochemicals.

     Jet fuel / Kerosene.  Jet fuel is either a naphtha-type or a kerosene-type fuel suitable for commercial or military aviation purposes and used in aircraft turbine engines.  Kerosene is a light petroleum distillate that has a maximum distillation temperature of 400 degrees Fahrenheit (204 degrees Celsius) at the 10 per cent. recovery point, a final boiling point of 520 degrees Fahrenheit (284 degrees Celsius), and a minimum flash point of 100 degrees Fahrenheit (38 degrees Celsius).  Kerosene's specific gravity is in the region of 0.80.  It is mainly used as a heating fuel and as a fuel for certain types of internal combustion engines.  

     Gasoil.  Gasoil, also known as diesel, is a liquid petroleum distillate having a viscosity intermediate between that of kerosene and lubricating oil.

     Gasoline.  Gasoline is a type of light oil that has a boiling range between 365 degrees Fahrenheit (185 degrees Celsius) to 374 degrees Fahrenheit (190 degrees Celsius) at the 90 per cent recovery point.  It is used primarily as fuel for the internal combustion engines of automobiles.  Modern gasoline tend to be blends of petroleum liquids (such as hexane, heptane and octane) which are produced in several different processes and which generally contain additives.  

     Fuel oil.  Fuel oil includes both distillate fuel oil, heavy (residual) fuel oil and pyrolysis fuel oil.  Distillate fuel oil can be further categorized into No. 1 Distillate Fuel Oil, No. 2 Distillate Fuel Oil and No. 4 Distillate Fuel Oil.  No. 1 Distillate Fuel Oil is a light distillate fuel oil that has distillation temperatures of 400 degrees Fahrenheit (204 degrees Celsius) at the 10 per cent. recovery point and 550 degrees Fahrenheit (288 degrees Celsius) at the 90 per cent recovery point.  It is used primarily as fuel for portable outdoor stoves and portable outdoor heaters.  No. 2 Distillate Fuel Oil (heating oil) is a distillate fuel oil that has distillation temperatures of 400 degrees Fahrenheit (204 degrees Celsius) at the 10 per cent. recovery point and 640 degrees Fahrenheit (338 degrees Celsius) at the 90 per cent. recovery point.  It is used primarily in atomizing type burners for domestic heating or for moderate capacity commercial/industrial burner units.  No. 4 distillate fuel oil is a distillate fuel oil made by blending distillate fuel oil and residual fuel oil stocks.  It is used extensively in industrial plants and in commercial burner installations that are not equipped with pre-heating facilities.  Heavy (residual) fuel oil is heavier oil that remains after the distillate fuel oils and lighter hydrocarbons have been boiled off in refinery operations.  Heavy (residual) fuel oil has a viscosity which is always above 115'' Redwood 1 at 100 degrees, a flash point which is always above 122 degrees Fahrenheit (50 degrees Celsius) and a specific gravity which is always more than 0.90.  IT is used primarily in the production of electric power, space heating, vessel bunkering and various heavy industrial purposes.   

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Petrochemical Products

     Ethylene.  Ethylene (C2H4) is an olefinic hydrocarbon used a s a petrochemical feedstock for various petrochemical processes and the production of consumer goods.

     Propylene.  Propylene (C3H6) is an olefinic hydrocarbon recovered from refinery processes or petrochemical processes.  The propylene produced by Formosa Petrochemical's naphtha crackers is typically non-fuel use propylene.  Non-fuel use propylene is propylene that is intended for use in non-fuel applications such as petrochemical production and processes.  Non-fuel use propylene includes chemical-grade propylene, polymer-grade propylene, and trace amounts of propane.  Propylene is used as feedstock for various petrochemical processes and the production of consumer goods.

     BTX.  BTX is a mixture of benzene, toluene and xylene.

     Butadiene.  Butadiene, is also called 1, 3 butadiene and is a flammable gaseous olefin used in the production of synthetic elastomer (synthetic rubber), adiponitrile and nylon 6,6. 

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